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In a study on prostitutes from Spain who denied intravenous drug abuse, 5. Methodological guidance for systematic reviews of observational epidemiological studies reporting prevalence and cumulative incidence data. Nasirian, M.

Hepatitis B and C among women with illegal social behavior in Isfahan, Iran: Seroprevalence and associated factors. Hepatitis Prostitutes Isfahan, 11 Prostitutes Isfahan— HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in women with illegal social behavior in Isfahan, Iran. Advanced Biomedical Research, 1 51—4. Kayembe, P. Determinants of consistent condom use among female commercial sex workers in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Implications for interventions.

Sexually Transmitted Infections, 84 3— Kazerooni, P. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted infections among Prostitutes Isfahan sex workers in Shiraz, South of Iran: By respondent-driven sampling.

Objectives:Female sex workers (FSWs) are at high risk of sexually transmitted Factors among Female Sex Workers in Isfahan, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study. Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Their Risk Factors among Female Sex Workers in Isfahan, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study. October

Larney, S. Global epidemiology of HIV among women and girls who use or inject drugs: Current knowledge and limitations of existing data. Li, Q.

Alcohol use among female sex workers and male Prostitutes Isfahan An integrative review of global literature.

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Alcohol and Alcoholism, Prostitutes Isfahan 2— Mahapatra, B. Factors associated with risky sexual practices among female sex workers in Karnataka, India. PloS ONE, Prostitutes Isfahan 4e Malta, M. HIV prevalence among female sex workers, drug users and men who have sex with men in Brazil: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC Public Health, 10 1Prostitutes Isfahan Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Retrieved January 15,from www. Mirzazadeh, A. Moayedi-Nia, S. AIDS Care, 28 4— Moher, D. Annals of Internal Medicine, 4— Munn, Z. Methodological guidance for systematic reviews of observational epidemiological studies reporting prevalence and cumulative incidence data. International Journal of Evidence-based Prostitutes Isfahan, 13 3— Nasirian, M. Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and their risk factors among female sex workers in Isfahan, Iran: A cross-sectional study.

Navadeh, S. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 41 1260— Paz-Bailey, G. Poon, A. Review of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in China.

Rehm, J. Does alcohol use have a causal effect on HIV incidence and disease progression? A review of the literature and a modeling strategy for quantifying the Prostitutes Isfahan. Population Health Metrics, 15 1 Prostitutes Isfahan, 4.

Rostamzadeh, E. Historical background of prostitution and typology: A social-legal perspective. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7 5 Prostitutes Isfahan, — Sajadi, L. HIV prevalence and related risk behaviours among female sex workers in Iran: Results of the national biobehavioural survey Sexually Transmitted Infections, 89 Suppl.

Shahesmaeili, A. Symptom-based versus laboratory-based diagnosis of five Prostitutes Isfahan transmitted infections Prostitutes Isfahan female sex workers in Iran. Shannon, K. Global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers: Influence of structural determinants. The Lancet,55— Sharifi, H. Population size estimation of female sex workers in Iran: Synthesis of methods and results.

PloS ONE, 12 8e Shokoohi, M. Drug use patterns and associated factors among female sex Prostitutes Isfahan in Iran. Addictive Behaviors, 90, 40— Taghizadeh, H. Drug use and high-risk sexual behaviors of women at a drop-in center in Mazandaran province, Iran, Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 9 2e Todd, C.

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. A literature search was performed by MK and SG. The first draft of the manuscript was written Prostitutes Isfahan MK and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Prostitutes Isfahan

Hepatitis B markers in Isfahan, central Iran: A population-based study.

All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Correspondence to Maryam Nasirian. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Prostitutes Isfahan and Permissions. Arch Sex Behav 49, — In Iran, the data on the extent to which these viruses spread among women who engage in illegal sexual Prostitutes Isfahan are Prostitutes Isfahan.

This study described the prevalence of HBV and Prostitutes Isfahan infection in a population of female sex workers in Isfahan, Iran, who, due to their profession, are at increased risk of acquiring and transmitting the disease. This study was conducted among females who Prostitutes Isfahan in illegal sexual behavior who attended a health and social care Prostitutes Isfahan center DIC for females and their friends who also engage in illegal sex activity during in Isfahan, Iran.

This center provides care for women with high-risk behaviors, including IVDU and illegal sex activities. The eligibility criterion was a self-report of having sold sex for money within the previous 3 months. The participants were recruited through welfare referral to the DIC and by snowball sampling method, through referrals among people who knew others who sold sex for money.

The study collected blood samples for HBV and HCV testing and demographic and prostitution-associated risk data in a face-to-face interview. Prostitutes Isfahan interviews were conducted by a social worker who had been working with this population. The questionnaire inquired about age, ethnicity, time in sex work, number of clients per week, condom use, drug use and the type, risk factors for HBV or HCV, frequency of marriage, having a temporary or permanent marriage, sex-related Prostitutes Isfahan behavior, and history of incarceration.

Objectives:Female sex workers (FSWs) are at high risk of sexually and Their Risk Factors among Female Sex Workers in Isfahan, Iran: A. The prevalence of STIs in Isfahan FSWs can be controlled with and Their Risk Factors among Female Sex Workers in Isfahan, Iran: A.

All eligible females with illegal sexual activities were requested to participate in the study after being given a brief description of the purpose and procedure of the study, after which they signed a written informed consent form.

The participants enrolled in the study voluntarily and they did not Prostitutes Isfahan any incentive for participation. The subjects' information was gathered anonymously, and participants could Prostitutes Isfahan any question.

This project was approved by the ethical committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. A ml blood sample was obtained Prostitutes Isfahan venous puncture, and a serum sample was sent to the Isfahan Infectious Diseases Research Center Laboratory, where they were subjected to immunoenzymatic tests to detect HBV and HCV markers.

Tests were performed, and their cutoff points were Prostitutes Isfahan per the manufacturer's instructions. Of samples that were collected, 91 were sufficient for testing.

Their main characteristics are shown in Table 1. The mean age and time in sex Prostitutes Isfahan were Among participants who answered the question on sexual behavior No. Continuous and intermittent condom use by sexual practice was reported by 44 HBs Ag was detected in 1 subject 1. Evidence of vaccination was seen in 54 subjects There were no significant differences in the prevalence of HBV or HCV infection by estimated risk factors using the univariate model Table 2.

In the multivariate model, there was no independent risk factor for HCV infection Table 3. Due to the low prevalence of HBV infection Prostitutes Isfahan our subjects, multivariate Prostitutes Isfahan regression could not be used to adjust Prostitutes Isfahan risk factors.

To our knowledge, this is the first survey that has provided local, representative estimates of the seroprevalence of viral hepatitis B and Prostitutes Isfahan in females who engage in illegal sex behavior in Isfahan-vital information that provides insight into disease burden and opportunities for prevention.

The prevalence of past infection and acute hepatitis B in Prostitutes Isfahan sample 4. In other parts of the world, the prevalence of the infection differs in prostitutes, which reflects the health and social status of those regions. In a recent study, serological evidence of vaccination was seen in In Nokhodian et al.

This finding shows that our subjects follow Prostitutes Isfahan WHO recommendations for universal vaccination against HBV as the best strategy for reducing the risk of HBV infection, and it may be the cause of the low prevalence of HBV infection in them. Regarding the prevalence of hepatitis C, a systematic review from calculated that the HCV infection prevalence rate in the general population in Iran was 0.

Thus, the high prevalence of HCV infection 9. Although we were unable to ascertain the source of HCV in these women the association between positivity and the use of injectable drugs and other risk factors Prostitutes Isfahan not determine by univariate and multivariate analysisour study Prostitutes Isfahan that sexual transmission may be important in the spread of HCV, whereas many studies have failed to carefully exclude the acquisition of HCV from nonsexual sources [ 11 ][ 12 ].

The high rate of HCV in the prostitutes in our study contrasts that of blood donors in Iran 0. In Jahani et al. In a study on prostitutes from Spain who denied intravenous drug abuse, 5. In a study in the Congo, the overall prevalence of anti-HCV was 6.

The high prevalence of HCV infection in this study indicates the need to implement preventive interventions for FSWs and, Prostitutes Isfahan more importantly, to involve their male clients. We found no significant Prostitutes Isfahan between any risk factor and HBV or HCV infection, which could Prostitutes Isfahan due to random error due to the small sample size.

Also, the sample of this study was not necessarily representative of women who engage in illegal social behavior in Isfahan, Iran, because selection bias due to the approach of convenience sampling in a health and social care setting DICs might have occurred. In Iran, the presence of prostitution is systematically denied, and therefore, the investigation of sex workers is very difficult, causing the limited sampling and sample size in this study.

Population Health Metrics, 15 1 , 4.

The data on hepatitis infections and related complications among FSWs in Iran are limited, which means that the burden of these diseases is substantially underestimated. Therefore, further investigation on viral hepatitis infections and sexual practice and Prostitutes Isfahan protective measures against such infections are paramount in developing intervention programs.

Hepatitis B and C among women with illegal social behavior in Isfahan, Iran: Seroprevalence and associated factors. Hepat Prostitutes Isfahan. Financial support: None declared. National Center for Biotechnology InformationU. Journal List Hepat Mon v. Author information Article notes Copyright Prostitutes Isfahan License information Disclaimer. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Patients and Methods In Prostitutes Isfahan cross-sectional study, females who engaged in illegal sexual behavior during in Isfahan were recruited from welfare to the DIC for women, and referrals were made among those who knew others who engaged in prostitution. Results Of the samples collected, 91 were sufficient for Prostitutes Isfahan.

Prostitutes Isfahan, Isfahan, Isfahan escort: Bridging the epidemic: A comprehensive analysis of prevalence and correlates of HIV, hepatitis C, and syphilis, and infection among female sex workers in Guangxi province, China. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar.

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21.03.2008	no	31	ZIVM	ZIVM	57	46
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Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Their Risk Factors among Female Sex Workers in Isfahan, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study. October Objectives:Female sex workers (FSWs) are at high risk of sexually and Their Risk Factors among Female Sex Workers in Isfahan, Iran: A. European travelers to Isfahan also noted the prevalence of prostitution. merchant, counted between 12, and 14, registered prostitutes in Isfahan alone.

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International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 127— Please review our privacy policy. Moayedi-Nia, S.

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